2021-05-16

(Python3)- 利用 Turtle 製作圖形-時鐘程式

程式碼如下：

import turtle

from datetime import *

# 擡起畫筆，向前運動一段距離放下

def Skip(step):

  turtle.penup()

  turtle.forward(step)

  turtle.pendown()

def mkHand(name, length):

  # 註冊Turtle形狀，建立錶針Turtle

  turtle.reset()

  Skip(-length * 0.1)

  # 開始記錄多邊形的頂點。當前的烏龜位置是多邊形的第一個頂點。

  turtle.begin_poly()

  turtle.forward(length * 1.1)

  # 停止記錄多邊形的頂點。當前的烏龜位置是多邊形的最後一個頂點。將與第一個頂點相連。

  turtle.end_poly()

  # 返回最後記錄的多邊形。

  handForm = turtle.get_poly()

  turtle.register_shape(name, handForm)

def Init():

  global secHand, minHand, hurHand, printer

  # 重置Turtle指向北

  turtle.mode("logo")

  # 建立三個錶針Turtle並初始化

  mkHand("secHand", 135)

  mkHand("minHand", 125)

  mkHand("hurHand", 90)

  secHand = turtle.Turtle()

  secHand.shape("secHand")

  minHand = turtle.Turtle()

  minHand.shape("minHand")

  hurHand = turtle.Turtle()

  hurHand.shape("hurHand")

  for hand in secHand, minHand, hurHand:

    hand.shapesize(1, 1, 3)

    hand.speed(0)

  # 建立輸出文字Turtle

  printer = turtle.Turtle()

  # 隱藏畫筆的turtle形狀

  printer.hideturtle()

  printer.penup()

def SetupClock(radius):

  # 建立表的外框

  turtle.reset()

  turtle.pensize(7)

  for i in range(60):

    Skip(radius)

    if i % 5 == 0:

      turtle.forward(20)

      Skip(-radius - 20)



      Skip(radius + 20)

      if i == 0:

        turtle.write(int(12), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))

      elif i == 30:

        Skip(25)

        turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))

        Skip(-25)

      elif (i == 25 or i == 35):

        Skip(20)

        turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))

        Skip(-20)

      else:

        turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))

      Skip(-radius - 20)

    else:

      turtle.dot(5)

      Skip(-radius)

    turtle.right(6)

def Week(t):

  week = ["星期一", "星期二", "星期三",

      "星期四", "星期五", "星期六", "星期日"]

  return week[t.weekday()]

def Date(t):

  y = t.year

  m = t.month

  d = t.day

  return "%s %d%d" % (y, m, d)

def Tick():

  # 繪製錶針的動態顯示

  t = datetime.today()

  second = t.second + t.microsecond * 0.000001

  minute = t.minute + second / 60.0

  hour = t.hour + minute / 60.0

  secHand.setheading(6 * second)

  minHand.setheading(6 * minute)

  hurHand.setheading(30 * hour)

  turtle.tracer(False)

  printer.forward(65)

  printer.write(Week(t), align="center",

         font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))

  printer.back(130)

  printer.write(Date(t), align="center",

         font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))

  printer.home()

  turtle.tracer(True)

  # 100ms後繼續呼叫tick

  turtle.ontimer(Tick, 100)

def main():

  # 開啟/關閉龜動畫，併為更新圖紙設定延遲。

  turtle.tracer(False)

  Init()

  SetupClock(160)

  turtle.tracer(True)

  Tick()

  turtle.mainloop()



if __name__ == "__main__":

  main()