2021-05-16

(Python3)- 利用 Turtle 製作圖形-時鐘程式

程式碼如下：

import turtle
from datetime import *
# 擡起畫筆，向前運動一段距離放下
def Skip(step):
  turtle.penup()
  turtle.forward(step)
  turtle.pendown()
def mkHand(name, length):
  # 註冊Turtle形狀，建立錶針Turtle
  turtle.reset()
  Skip(-length * 0.1)
  # 開始記錄多邊形的頂點。當前的烏龜位置是多邊形的第一個頂點。
  turtle.begin_poly()
  turtle.forward(length * 1.1)
  # 停止記錄多邊形的頂點。當前的烏龜位置是多邊形的最後一個頂點。將與第一個頂點相連。
  turtle.end_poly()
  # 返回最後記錄的多邊形。
  handForm = turtle.get_poly()
  turtle.register_shape(name, handForm)
def Init():
  global secHand, minHand, hurHand, printer
  # 重置Turtle指向北
  turtle.mode("logo")
  # 建立三個錶針Turtle並初始化
  mkHand("secHand", 135)
  mkHand("minHand", 125)
  mkHand("hurHand", 90)
  secHand = turtle.Turtle()
  secHand.shape("secHand")
  minHand = turtle.Turtle()
  minHand.shape("minHand")
  hurHand = turtle.Turtle()
  hurHand.shape("hurHand")
  for hand in secHand, minHand, hurHand:
    hand.shapesize(1, 1, 3)
    hand.speed(0)
  # 建立輸出文字Turtle
  printer = turtle.Turtle()
  # 隱藏畫筆的turtle形狀
  printer.hideturtle()
  printer.penup()
def SetupClock(radius):
  # 建立表的外框
  turtle.reset()
  turtle.pensize(7)
  for i in range(60):
    Skip(radius)
    if i % 5 == 0:
      turtle.forward(20)
      Skip(-radius - 20)

      Skip(radius + 20)
      if i == 0:
        turtle.write(int(12), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
      elif i == 30:
        Skip(25)
        turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
        Skip(-25)
      elif (i == 25 or i == 35):
        Skip(20)
        turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
        Skip(-20)
      else:
        turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
      Skip(-radius - 20)
    else:
      turtle.dot(5)
      Skip(-radius)
    turtle.right(6)
def Week(t):
  week = ["星期一", "星期二", "星期三",
      "星期四", "星期五", "星期六", "星期日"]
  return week[t.weekday()]
def Date(t):
  y = t.year
  m = t.month
  d = t.day
  return "%s %d%d" % (y, m, d)
def Tick():
  # 繪製錶針的動態顯示
  t = datetime.today()
  second = t.second + t.microsecond * 0.000001
  minute = t.minute + second / 60.0
  hour = t.hour + minute / 60.0
  secHand.setheading(6 * second)
  minHand.setheading(6 * minute)
  hurHand.setheading(30 * hour)
  turtle.tracer(False)
  printer.forward(65)
  printer.write(Week(t), align="center",
         font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
  printer.back(130)
  printer.write(Date(t), align="center",
         font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))
  printer.home()
  turtle.tracer(True)
  # 100ms後繼續呼叫tick
  turtle.ontimer(Tick, 100)
def main():
  # 開啟/關閉龜動畫，併為更新圖紙設定延遲。
  turtle.tracer(False)
  Init()
  SetupClock(160)
  turtle.tracer(True)
  Tick()
  turtle.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()