{"id":2610,"date":"2021-11-18T05:54:31","date_gmt":"2021-11-18T05:54:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/?p=2610"},"modified":"2021-11-18T12:23:13","modified_gmt":"2021-11-18T12:23:13","slug":"linux-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d-ufw-%e5%92%8c%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e8%a8%ad%e5%ae%9a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/blog\/archives\/2610","title":{"rendered":"(Linux)- \u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88dd\u9632\u706b\u7246 UFW \u548c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8a2d\u5b9a"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Linux)- \u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88dd\u9632\u706b\u7246 UFW <\/span>\u548c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/p>\r\n

\u9632\u706b\u7246 UFW \u7684\u5b89\u88dd\uff0c\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u5e38\u898b\u57fa\u672c\u8a2d\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u627e\u5230\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

(Linux)- \u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88dd\u9632\u706b\u7246 UFW <\/span>\u548c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/p>\r\n

UFW \u662f\u4e00\u500b Arch Linux\u3001De\u00adbian \u6216 Ubuntu \u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\u7684\u524d\u7aef\uff0c\u53ef\u7c21\u5316\u9632\u706b\u7246\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u767c\u884c\u7248\u672c\u6709 Debian \u548c Ubuntu\u3002<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88dd\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Debian<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

1.1 \u5b89\u88dd UFW<\/p>\r\n

Debian \u9810\u8a2d\u8edf\u9ad4\u6e90\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b UFW\uff0c\u5982\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u5b89\u88dd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 apt \u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u5b89\u88dd<\/p>\r\n

apt-get update && apt-get install ufw<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

CentOS<\/p>\r\n

1.2 \u5b89\u88dd UFW<\/p>\r\n

CentOS \u9810\u8a2d\u8edf\u9ad4\u6e90\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b UFW\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88dd EPEL \u8edf\u9ad4\u6e90\uff0c\u904b\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\r\n

# yum install epel-release -y<\/p>\r\n

\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88dd UFW\uff1a<\/p>\r\n

# yum install –enablerepo=”epel” ufw -y<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

PS\uff1a\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9810\u8a2d\u503c<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw default deny incoming<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw default allow outgoing<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\u9ed8\u8a8d\u884c\u70ba\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u5141\u8a31\u5167\u90e8\u9023\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8a31\u5916\u90e8\u9023\u5165<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

2. \u5728 UFW \u4f7f\u7528\u524d\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u6aa2\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u904b\u884c<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

$ \u00a0ufw status<\/p>\r\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u767c\u73fe\u72c0\u614b\u662f inactive \uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u88ab\u555f\u52d5\u6216\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\r\n

\u555f\u7528\/\u7981\u7528<\/p>\r\n

ufw enable #\u555f\u7528<\/p>\r\n

ufw disable #\u7981\u7528<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u9810\u8a2d\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u5141\u8a31\u5c31\u662f\u62d2\u7d55\uff08\u5165\u7ad9\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 ufw allow \u4f86\u6dfb\u52a0\u5141\u8a31\u8a2a\u554f\u7684\u57e0\u6216\u5354\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

$ ufw allow ssh\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u6dfb\u52a0 22 \u57e0<\/p>\r\n

ufw allow http\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u6dfb\u52a0 80 \u57e0<\/p>\r\n

$ ufw allow https\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u6dfb\u52a0 443 \u57e0<\/p>\r\n

$ ufw allow 2333\/tcp\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u6dfb\u52a0 2333 \u57e0\uff0c\u50c5 TCP \u5354\u8b70<\/p>\r\n

$ ufw allow 6666\/udp\u00a0 \u00a0 #\u6dfb\u52a0 6666 \u57e0\uff0c\u50c5 UDP \u5354\u8b70<\/p>\r\n

$ ufw allow 8888:9999\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u6dfb\u52a0 8888 \u5230 9999 \u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u57e0<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 192.168.1.0\/24\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u5141\u8a31\u4f86\u81ea\u7279\u5b9a IP \u4f4d\u5740\u6216\u4f4d\u5740\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u6d41\u91cf<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 56881:56889\/tcp\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5141\u8a31\u6574\u500b\u57e0\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528 Deluge\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u6642\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a TCP \u6216UDP<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

4. \u62d2\u7d55\u8a2a\u554f\uff08deny\uff09<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\u9810\u8a2d\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c ufw deny <\u57e0> \u4f86\u6dfb\u52a0\u62d2\u7d55\u5165\u7ad9\u7684\u7aef\u548c\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u8207\u6dfb\u52a0\u5141\u8a31\u7684\u985e\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw deny 192.168.1.110<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

5. \u522a\u9664\u898f\u5247\uff08delete\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 ufw status \u67e5\u770b\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528 ufw delete [\u898f\u5247] <\u57e0> \u4f86\u522a\u9664\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ ufw delete allow 2333\/tcp<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

PS\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u689d\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 numbered \u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u689d\u898f\u5247\u4e0a\u52a0\u500b\u5e8f\u865f\u6578\u4f4d\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u4f7f\u7528 ufw delete < \u5e8f\u865f > \u4f86\u522a\u9664\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

6.\u547d\u4ee4\u50c5\u63a7\u5236\u5165\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u8981\u5c08\u9580\u91dd\u5c0d\u51fa\u7ad9\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u8acb\u5305\u62ec out\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow out ssh<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

7. \u5982\u679c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 reset \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u7981\u7528 UFW \u4e26\u522a\u9664\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

$ ufw reset<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

8. \u7279\u5b9a\u7684IP\u4f4d\u5740 ( \u9032\u968e )<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\u51fa\u65bc\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5141\u8a31\/\u7981\u7528\u4f86\u81ea\u7279\u5b9aIP\u4f4d\u5740\u7684\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\r\n

# ufw allow from 192.168.29.36<\/p>\r\n

# ufw deny from 192.168.29.36<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 UFW \u4e2d\u5141\u8a31 IP \u4f4d\u5740\u7bc4\u570d,\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u5141\u8a31\u5f9e 192.168.1.1 \u5230 192.168.1.254 \u7684\u6240\u6709\u9023\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\r\n

# ufw allow from 192.168.1.0\/24<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u8981\u5141\u8a31 IP \u4f4d\u5740 192.168.29.36 \u9023\u63a5\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u57e0 80\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u904b\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\r\n

# ufw allow from 192.168.29.36 to any port 80<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a TCP\/UDP\uff1a<\/p>\r\n

# ufw allow from 192.168.29.36 to any port 80 proto tcp<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u7d9c\u5408\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\r\n

# ufw deny from 192.168.0.4 to any port 22<\/p>\r\n

# ufw deny from 192.168.0.10 to any port 22<\/p>\r\n

# ufw allow from 192.168.0.0\/24 to any port 22<\/p>\r\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u6703\u963b\u6b62\u5f9e 192.168.0.4 \u548c 192.168.0.10 \u8a2a\u554f\u57e0 22\uff0c\u4f46\u5141\u8a31\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6 IP \u8a2a\u554f\u57e0 22\u3002

<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

9. \u6700\u65b0\u7248\u7684 UFW \u9810\u8a2d\u555f\u7528\u4e86 IPV6 \u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f38\u51fa\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

# cat \/etc\/default\/ufw | grep -i ipv6<\/p>\r\n

IPV6=yes<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

PS\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8f38\u51fa\u70ba IPV6 = no\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 vim \u7de8\u8f2f\u8a72\u6a94\u5c07\u5176\u6539\u70ba yes\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n


\u4e8c\u3001UFW \u8a2d\u7f6e\u684c\u9762 ( \u4e0d\u5e38\u898b )<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

1\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9810\u8a2d\u503c<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw default deny incoming<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw default allow outgoing<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

2. \u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u5141\u8a31 HTTP \u548c HTTPS \u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow http<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow https<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

3. \u5141\u8a31SSH\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow ssh<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

4. \u5927\u591a\u6578\u684c\u4e0a\u578b\u96fb\u8166\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\u9593\u4e0a\u90fd\u4f9d\u8cf4 NTP\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow ntp<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

5. \u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u975c\u614b DHCP\u3002\u959e\u8d77\u57e0 67 \u548c 68\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 67:68\/tcp<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

PS\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u975c\u614b IP\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u958b\u8d77\u4e86<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

6. DNS \u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u57e0\u70ba 53\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 53<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

7.\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528 Torrent \u7528\u6236\u7aef ( \u4f8b\u5982 Deluge )\uff0c\u8acb\u555f\u7528\u8a72\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 56881:56889\/tcp<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

8. \u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u84b8\u6c7d\u6703\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u57e0\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5141\u8a31\u4e0b\u9762\u9019\u4e9b\u57e0\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 27000:27036\/udp<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 27036:27037\/tcp<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 4380\/udp<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u4e09\u3001\u8a2d\u7f6e Web \u4f3a\u670d\u5668 ( \u5e38\u7528 )<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Web \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u3002\u9700\u63a1\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u4f86\u95dc\u9589\u6240\u6709\u5783\u573e\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u60e1\u610f\u884c\u70ba\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5b83\u5011\u6210\u70ba\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5408\u6cd5\u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u5730\u901a\u904e\u3002<\/p>\r\n

\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u904e\u9810\u8a2d\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u62d2\u7d55\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8acb\u7981\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5b83\u5c07\u5207\u65b7\u60a8\u7684 SSH \u9023\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw default deny incoming<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw default deny outgoing<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw default deny forward\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

# \u555f\u7528\u5165\u7ad9\u548c\u51fa\u7ad9 Web \u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow http<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow out http<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow https<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow out https\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

# \u5141\u8a31 SSH\u3002\u60a8\u80af\u5b9a\u6703\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow ssh\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow out ssh\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

# \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 NTP \u4f86\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7d71\u6642\u9418\u3002\u61c9\u8a72\u5141\u8a31\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow ntp\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow out ntp\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

# \u9700\u8981\u7528 DNS \u4f86\u66f4\u65b0\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow 53\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

$ sudo ufw allow out 53\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u8a2d\u7f6e UFW \u9632\u706b\u7246\u4e26\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u591a\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u78ba\u5be6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c \u5118\u7ba1\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u7d55\u5c0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6642\u9593\u6295\u5165\u751f\u7522\u3002\u5b83\u662f iptables \u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u5c64\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u53ef\u7372\u5f97\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u8207\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

\u514d\u8cac\u8072\u660e\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/span><\/p>\r\n

1.\u672c\u5f71\u50cf\u6a94\u6848\u7686\u5f9e\u7db2\u4e0a\u641c\u96c6\u8f49\u8f09\uff0c\u4e0d\u627f\u64d4\u4efb\u4f55\u6280\u8853\u53ca\u7248\u6b0a\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/span><\/p>\r\n

2.\u5982\u6709\u4e0b\u8f09\u9023\u7d50\u50c5\u4f9b\u5bec\u983b\u6e2c\u8a66\u7814\u7a76\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u8acb\u4e0b\u8f09\u5f8c\u572824\u5c0f\u6642\u5167\u522a\u9664\uff0c\u8acb\u52ff\u7528\u65bc\u5546\u696d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/span><\/p>\r\n

<\/span><\/p>\r\n

3.\u82e5\u4fb5\u72af\u4e86\u60a8\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6b0a\u76ca\uff0c\u8acb\u4f86\u4fe1\u901a\u77e5\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u53ca\u6642\u522a\u9664\uff0c\u7d66\u60a8\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u4e0d\u4fbf\uff0c\u6df1\u8868\u6b49\u610f\u3002<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Linux)- \u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88dd\u9632\u706b\u7246 UFW \u548c\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8a2d\u5b9a \u9632\u706b\u7246 UFW \u7684\u5b89\u88dd\uff0c\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u5e38\u898b …<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":583,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[193,86],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2610"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2610"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2610\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2610"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2610"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spimet.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}